Figure 1. However, only a few are listed by Agriculture Victoria: choka, coffee berries, date, dragon fruit. The larvae then hatch and proceed to consume the fruit, causing the fruit to decay and drop prematurely. B. tyroni lay their eggs in fruit. Mango (some resistance to Mediterranean fruit fly, but prime Queensland fruit fly host) Kiwi fruit* Nashi Pears (sometimes affected)* Mulberry (sometimes affected)* Source: Adapted from Horticultural Policy Council (1991), The impact of fruit flies on Australian horticulture. JOSH BYRNE: There are over 200 species of Fruit Fly in Australia. Australian citrus growers and crop consultants have reported observable differences in susceptibility of different citrus cultivars under commercial growing conditions. Oxon, UK. Tephritis tryoni Froggatt. Adult females, after passing through a two-week pre-oviposition stage following emergence from the pupae, deposit eggs in groups, up to seven eggs per group, in fruit punctures. Leblanc L, Vueti E … The spread of Queensland fruit fly in the egg or larva form is limited by the combination of: • no movement of untreated host produce from properties in the Infected Area • no movement of any host produce out of the Control Area • treatments undertaken as part of the Queensland fruit fly response After 2-6 weeks under Tasmanian conditions, The good news is that only 2 of them, the Queensland Fly on the East Coast and the Mediterranean Fly … Oakley RG. Despite this pressure, the pest has historically been absent from the Yarra Valley region, allowing fruit and vegetable production to thrive without intervention from expensive and intensive QFF management techniques. B. tyroni is native to subtropical coastal Queensland and northern New South Wales. Queensland fruit flies can attack a wide range of fruit, fruiting vegetables and native fruiting plants. 601 pp. Biology of fruit flies. Fruit that requires certification must be treated for QFF. Similarly, the Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tyroni) is responsible for more than $28.5 million in damage to Australian fruit crops a year. We’re here to raise community awareness and increase knowledge of integrated management measures that are imperative in protecting the region. The distribution and host plants of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Australia., Queensland, Department of Primary Industries, Information Series Q199067. 1950, January 30. The adult female is approximately 6 mm long, has a wing expanse of 10 to 12 mm, and has mostly transparent wings marked with brown. Biosecurity. Adults feed primarily upon juices of host plants, nectar, and honeydew secreted by various kinds of insects. Queensland fruit flies lay eggs in maturing and ripe fruit on trees and sometimes in fallen fruit. Economic losses are estimated at $300 million which includes control and loss of production, postharvest treatments, on‐going surveillance for area freedom and loss or limit to domestic and international markets. The total life cycle requires two to three weeks in summer and up to two months in the fall. 1994. Adult Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt). Biology of fruit flies. All fruit fly host material, domestic and for export, is subject to the movement controls set out in the Controlled Area Notice. 1957. Annual Review of Entomology 5: 171–192. The humeri, or shoulders, are pale yellow, also. Dacus tryoni (Froggatt) The Bendigo region has also experienced increased urban QFF pressure and occasional outbreaks have occurred in the inner Melbourne area. The adult flies congregate on foliage and fruit to feed on bacterial colonies and later to mate. Annual Review of Entomology 5: 171-192. This species lays eggs in a wide variety of unripe fruit hosts, causing them to rot prior to ripening. Wild hosts include passionflower, Passiflora spp., and Eugenia spp. 1-75. 1960. Grow fruits and vegetables that are non-hosts of Queensland fruit fly. Cooperative Economic Insect Report 7: 1-687. A heavy outbreak of B. tryoni in New South Wales during 1940-41 resulted in the rejection of 5–25% of citrus at harvest. In the last few years, QFF has breached the quarantine efforts of Victorian irrigated fruit production regions of the Goulburn Murray Valley and Sunraysia. Queensland Fruit Fly is a very serious pest of great economic significance because of the damage caused to the fruit industry. Pupal development requires from a week in summer to a month or more in cooler weather. Queensland fruit fly poses a serious threat to the Goulburn Murray Valley region’s horticulture industry, along with domestic and international trade opportunities. 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